Objective :To investigate the clinical factors of neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (hypoxic - ischemic encephalopathy, HIE), to provide evidence for intervention measures.Methods :Retrospective analysis 50 cases of HIE,which in January 2013 to March 2017, by analyzing the history of the mother during pregnancy and childbirth, and the same period in our hospital neonatal birth control, using multiple logistic regression analysis of clinical factors on the effect of neonatal hypoxic ischemia encephalopathy occurred. Results :The two groups were found in cardiac care, an abnormal amniotic fluid pollution, placenta, gestational hypertension or eclampsia, maternal prenatal fever, abnormal umbilical cord, 1 min Apgar score < 3 score and 5 min Apgar score < 5 score points there is a close relationship with HIE (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The newborn hypoxic ischemia encephalopathy may be associated with multivariate maternal and fetal factors, pregnancy and intrapartum effective intervention may help prevent neonatal hypoxic ischemia encephalopathy